Insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD)

Insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD)

The intrauterine device (IUD), which releases the hormone levonorgestrel, is a highly effective and long-lasting method of contraception. Its contraceptive efficacy lasts for 3 or 6 years – depending on the model.

The choice of a model is contingent, among other things, on the structure of the uterus and the reproductive history.

The method involves the insertion of a flexible, hormone-releasing plastic device, commonly referred to as a coil, into the uterus.

The contraceptive effect of the IUD is based on the interaction of several factors:

• an increase in the density of cervical mucus, which reduces sperm motility;

• a reduction in the thickness of the endometrium;

• a small, sterile (i.e. without the presence of bacteria) inflammation of the uterus, which is combated by leukocytes that have a spermicidal effect.

Scientific reports indicate that the use of IUDs reduces the risk of developing endometrial cancer. In addition to preventing pregnancy, hormonal IUDs can also be used to treat painful menstrual bleeding with heavy blood loss.

The choice of this contraceptive method and the appropriate IUD model should always be consulted with a doctor, who will rule out any contraindications to IUD insertion on the basis of a comprehensive medical history as well as the results of a physical examination.

Therefore, a thorough gynaecological examination, supplemented by cytology and an ultrasound, should be carried out before the insertion.

Contraindications to the use of a hormonal IUD include:

• suspected pregnancy;
• frequent inflammation of the appendages;
• infection in the area of the lesser pelvis;
• genital bleeding of unknown cause;
• allergy to any components of the UID;
• the presence of malformations of the uterus or myomas distorting the uterine cavity;
• cancer of the breast, genital tract or liver;
• an interval of less than 6 weeks since delivery or miscarriage.

The IUD insertion procedure:

• During the procedure, the gynaecologist uses a special applicator to insert the IUD through the vagina and cervix into the uterine cavity. Once the applicator is removed, the IUD expands to its proper shape and takes the appropriate position.
• After the procedure, the doctor performs an ultrasound examination to make sure that the IUD is correctly positioned in the uterine cavity.

The patient will be asked to attend a follow-up appointment at the time indicated by the doctor, who will verify the position of the IUD and assess the patient’s condition.

How to prepare for the IUD insertion?

In order for the procedure to be less unpleasant for the patient, it is recommended to have the IUD inserted during menstrual bleeding (within 7 days from its beginning), when the cervix is slightly open.

Approx. 20% of patients experience discomfort or even pain during the IUD insertion. In general, anaesthetics are not used in this procedure.

The insertion of the UID is performed after a prior gynaecological consultation.

The IUD becomes effective from the moment of insertion. However, like any contraceptive method, it does not give 100% certainty of protection against unplanned pregnancy and does not prevent infection with HIV (AIDS) and other sexually transmitted diseases.

Qualification for the IUD insertion is carried out by a doctor during a dedicated gynaecological appointment (Qualification for the insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD)).

The price of the IUD insertion service does not include the cost of the IUD. The cost of the chosen IUD is borne by the patient. IUDs are available for purchase at Medicover.